The Anabantidae or commonly known as the Climbing Perch Family is made up of three genera; Anabas, Ctenopoma, and Sandelia ,and is widespread throughout Africa and Southeast Asia. The Anabantidae possess a labyrinth organ, which is a structure in the fish's head which allows them to breathe atmospheric oxygen. This organ is a kind of primitive lung.

Fish of this family are often seen gulping air at the surface of the water; which then passes out of their gills or mouth when they dive beneath the surface. Common aquarium fish in this category are Gouramies and Bettas.